2016年3月双语法规解读《粉尘防爆安全规程》（修订稿）

四、人员管理，总是重中之中：不经过培训，或培训不合格，不得上岗

Fourthly, the personnel management is the priority among priorities. One without training or failed in the training shall not go to his post.

4.5企业应开展粉尘防爆安全教育及培训，普及粉尘防爆知识和安全法规，使员工了解本企业粉尘爆炸危险场所的危险程度和防爆措施；企业主要负责人、安全管理人员和粉尘爆炸危险岗位的作业人员应进行专门的粉尘防爆安全技术培训，并经考试合格，方准上岗。

4.5 Enterprises shall carry out the education and training about dust explosion prevention and protection, popularize the knowledge of dust explosion protection and safety regulations, so that employees can understand the risk level of area subject to dust explosion hazards and explosion protection measures; the main person in charge of the enterprise, safety management personnel and staff working on the positions with dust explosion risk shall take the specialized training about safety techniques against dust explosion, pass the examination, and then go to his post.

EHS.CN注：

EHS.CN’s notes

07版中仅要求对危险岗位的职工进行专门的安全技术及业务培训，本版本新增了企业主要负责人、安全管理人员，考核不合格，不得上岗。将专门的粉尘防爆安全技术培训提升到和安全教育培训、职业卫生培训、消防安全培训近乎同等重要的高度。

It is stipulated in the 2007 version that only the staff working on dangerous positions shall take the specialized training about safety techniques and operations; the newly revised version has added that the main person-in-charge of the enterprise and safety management personnel shall go to his post only after passing the examination, bringing the importance of the specialized training about safety techniques against dust explosion up to the level as high as that of the safety education and training, the occupational health training and the fire fighting training.

对于具有粉尘爆炸危险的生产经营单位，在其工程设计、生产管理及粉末产品的贮存和运输过程等方面，应具有专门的针对此方面的培训。否则，万一发生粉尘类事故，即有可能因安全培训不到位、安全检查不到位等被处罚。

The business entities with hazards of dust explosion shall carry out specialized trainings about engineering design, manufacturing management and the storage and transportation of powder. Otherwise, they may be published because of the insufficient safety training or safety check in case accidents related to dust happen.

五、日常维护管理和应急处置的规范化

Fifthly, it is about the regulations related to the routine maintenance management and emergency response.

4.6企业应编制粉尘爆炸事故应急预案，并定期开展应急演练。（07版：9.2.1企业应编制含有粉尘爆炸的应急救援预案并报相关部门备案）。

4.6 Enterprises shall draw up the plan of the emergency response for dust explosions, and carry out the emergency response exercise periodically (the Article 9.2.1 of the 2007 version stipulates that enterprises shall draw up the emergency and rescue plan for dust explosion and report to relevant governmental departments).

9.2　企业对粉尘爆炸危险场所应制定严格的粉尘清洁制度，包括清洁范围、清洁方式、清洁周期等。

9.2 Enterprises shall establish a strict dust clean system for areas subject to dust explosion hazards, including the clean areas, ways of clean, the period of clean and so on.

10.1粉尘爆炸危险场所应制定设备设施检修安全作业制度和应急处置措施。

10.1 The maintenance and safety operation system of equipments and facilities and emergency handling measures shall be set up for areas subject to dust explosion hazards.

10.2检修作业应采取作业审批制。

10.2 The approval system of operation shall apply to the maintenance operation.

EHS.CN注：

EHS.CN’s notes

07版中提出了清洁的要求和作业控制要求，但对制度化的规定必不严格。07版的应急要求也仅针对粉尘爆炸事故，只需在综合应急预案中包含粉尘爆炸即可。而本版本则要求有针对粉尘爆炸危险，编制专门的粉尘爆炸事故应急预案。爆炸的应急预案总是一个难题，因为发生得太快，给我们反应、处置的时间与机会都非常有限，我们到底可做些什么呢？

The 2007 version proposed requirements for cleanness and control requirements for operations, but the institutionalized rules were not so strict. The emergency requirements stated in the 2007 version are just regarded to accidents of dust explosion, and the dust explosion is just concluded in the comprehensive plan for emergency response. The emergency response plan for explosion is always a difficulty, because it happens suddenly, which offer us little time and few opportunities to response and handle. So what can we do?

各位EHS朋友，需自行判断生产过程、生产工艺等是否具有粉尘爆炸危险？若有，如何提早发现、果断消除、积极应对？那么现有应急预案覆盖情况怎样？应急演练时是否切实可行？

Our EHS friends, we need to voluntarily judge whether the manufacturing processes and the production engineering are with dust explosion hazards. If so, how to discover the hazards in advance, how to eliminate them resolutely and how to actively response to them? What is the coverage of the current emergency response plan? Is it practical during the emergency response exercise?

若我们将应急放在爆炸之时或爆炸之后，那我们可能只有急救的份、只有等待的焦虑了。所以，将管理重点前移，将粉尘管理的重心放在：常规管理中的异常情况发现、处置上，要在预警机制上狠下功夫！

If we just focus on the emergency response while explosion or after explosion, we can control nothing but the rescue and the worries. Therefore, we shall lead the management focus forward. The focus of the dust management shall be placed at the discovery and the handling of anomalies found in the routine management. We shall spend efforts on the early warning mechanism.

EHS.CN小结：

EHS.CN’s Conclusion

江苏昆山“8·2”爆炸事故，造成146人死亡，114人受伤，直接经济损失已达3.51亿元；使得一家企业数十年积累瞬间化为乌有；更使得连续8年位列全国百强县第一位的县级市，四套领导班子全下马。教训不可谓不深刻。

The "8•2" dust explosion accident happened in Kunshan, Jiangsu had caused 146 people died, 114 people injured and direct pecuniary losses over 35,100,000, which made an enterprises with over ten years’ experiences collapse in a minute and made the leading groups of this county-level city that had been the NO. 1 of the Top 100 Counties in China for 8 consecutive years held liable for it. The lesson is profound.

《粉尘防爆安全规程》（GB15577-2007）的修订，可以说是该起事故留下的EHS遗产，每一个要求，看似不起眼，却都是血的教训。不少规定原来都是有的，在这一版中用更清晰的方式表达，相信简单到“检修区域内所有的泄爆口处无任何障碍物。（10.3）”的要求，每个管理者都懂，但要做到！

The revision of the Safety Regulations for Dust Explosion Prevention and Protection (GB15577-2007) is the EHS heritage from this accident. Each inconspicuous requirement is learned from the lesson paid for with blood. Many of the provisions have existed, but they are stated more clearly in the new version. It is believed that each manager understands simple requirements as that “there shall be no obstacles at the explosion venting point in the maintenance area”, but he shall achieve it.

 “不应任意变更或拆除防爆设施，如有变更，应重新进行检测核算，直至符合相关规定要求。（10.7）”的规定我相信也足够清晰，但又不多少人不自觉在损坏了装置、破坏了设施呢？

I believe it is clear enough that “it is not allowed to arbitrarily change or remove the explosion-proof facilities; if there is any change, it shall be retested and reexamined until it tallies with relevant regulations”, however, how many people damage the devices or destruct the facilities unconsciously?

很多时候不是我们的标准不够好，而是我们没有做到。

In many cases, the standards are sufficient enough, however, we fail to carry them out.

各位EHS朋友，务必保持对本规程的高度关注，并提起十二分的精神，一条一条看，一条一条地严格去落实执行，方能保障自己触碰不到监管红线。

Our EHS friends, please make sure you pay highly attention to this Safety Regulations, look into this Safety Regulations article by article, and strictly implement this Safety Regulations article by article, so as to prevent ourselves away from the red-line of supervision.