11月双语法规解读《广东省生产安全事故隐患排查治理办法》

隐患排查及上报又出新规定

《广东省生产安全事故隐患排查治理办法》正式出台!

New regulations of the hazards identification and report-- The Measures for Hazards Identification and Elimination of Work Safety Accidents of Guangdong, is formally issued.

新《安全生产法》要求企业必须建立事故隐患排查治理制度，对存在重大隐患的企业绝不手软。日前安监总局针对危险化学品行业，提出了重大隐患的认定办法（请见上期法律解读，双语干货）。

The Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China (2014 Amendment) requires that enterprises shall establish rules for the hazards identification for and elimination of work safety accidents, and takes serious measures to handle enterprises with serious hazards. Recently, the State Administration of Work Safety has proposed the identification methods of serious hazards for the industry of dangerous chemicals (please refer to the previous bilingual legal interpretation).

为了进一步规范各行业隐患排查办法及与安监工作，10月21日广东省作为经济与安全大省率先推出并实施《广东省生产安全事故隐患排查治理办法》。自此开始，广东省的企业要定期自查、自纠、并且要自报隐患。相信这将对其他省份和相关主管部门的下一步管理有着重要的借鉴意义。

In order to further standardize methods to screen hazards in various industries and the work safety supervision, the Guangdong Province, as a large economic and safety province, takes the lead in issuing and implementing the Measures for the Hazards Identification for and Elimination of Work Safety Accidents of Guangdong (hereinafter referred to as this Measures) on October 21^st. From now on, enterprises in Guangdong shall regularly carry out the self-check and self-correct and report risks. It is believed that this will have important reference significance for other provinces' and relevant competent authorities' further management.

一：本办法首次明确地将隐患分为两级，并给出了初步的定义：

Firstly, this Measures first clearly divides hazards into two classes and provides the primary definition.

“第四条　事故隐患按照危害和整改难度分为以下两个级别：

(一)一般事故隐患，是指危害和整改难度较小，发现后能够立即整改消除的隐患。

(二)重大事故隐患，是指危害和整改难度较大，应当全部或者局部停产停业，并经过一定时间整改治理方能消除的隐患，或者因外部因素影响致使生产经营单位自身难以消除的隐患。 省级负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门应根据本办法按照职责分工对本行业领域重大事故隐患的分级及判定标准制定具体办法。”

"Article 4 In accordance with the hazard and the difficulty of the rectification, hazards of accident can be divided into two following classes.

The first class is general hazards, referring to hazards with minor danger and difficulty of rectification which can be eliminated and rectified immediately upon discovery.

The second class is serious hazards, referring to hazards with considerable danger and difficulty of rectification which can be eliminated through a rectification period with fully or partly suspension of business operation or production, or referring to hazards that are difficult to be eliminated by the business entity itself because of external factors. The safety supervision departments at the provincial level shall make specific measures for the classification and determining standards of industrial serious hidden risk according to this Measures.

编者注：这里的定义是以整改的难度来考虑的，便于企业内部自行规定。但同时，危险化学品企业重大事故隐患的分级及判定标准已有规定，其他各行业领域重大事故隐患的分级及判定标准尚有待明确，请大家密切留意。

Editor’s Note:

The definition stated here is decided by the difficulty degree of the rectification, which is convenient for enterprises to make internal rules. Meanwhile, there are rules of classification and determining standards for serious hazards of accident in enterprises of dangerous chemicals, but classification and determining standards of serious hazards of accident for other industries are not clearly stipulated. Therefore, closely attention shall be paid to it.

二、企业的责任：发现企业存在的事故隐患是企业自身的责任，与《安全生产法》保持了一致，并赋予了现场作业人员更大的隐患处置权，包括：

Secondly, it is about the enterprises’ responsibility. It is enterprises’ responsibility to discover hazards of accident existing in enterprises, which is in comply with the requirements stated in the Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, granting more handling rights of hazards to operators at site.

“第七条　生产经营单位是事故隐患排查治理的责任主体。”

Article 7 Production and operation units are the subjects of responsibility for the hazards identification  and elimination of accident.

“第十五条 生产经营单位……定期开展全面性、专业性的厂级、部门(车间)和班组安全生产和职业卫生检查，及时发现事故隐患。对排查出的事故隐患，应当如实记录并建立档案。”

Article 15  A business entity …… shall regularly carry out comprehensive and professional checks for work safety and occupational hygiene among factories, departments(workshops) and groups, discovering hazards of accident in time. Regarding to the hazards of accident discovered, accurate records and files shall be made.

第十六条规定了厂级安全检查的要求，共有1～10项之多；第十八条规定了上岗位前的检查要求，共有1～6项；

Article 16 proposes requirements for the factory safety check, including 10 items; and the Article 18 proposes requirements for checks before taking up the job, including 6 items.

对于发现隐患时，企业应采取的措施，则提出以下要求：

Regarding to measures taken by enterprises when discovering hazards, requirements are proposed as follows.

“第十七条　生产经营单位发现事故隐患的，应当采取必要的监控保障措施，防止事故发生。事故隐患消除前或者消除过程中无法保证安全的，应当从危险区域内撤出作业人员，疏散可能危及的其他人员，并设置警示标志，必要时应当派员值守。”

Article 17 In the process of controlling hazards of accident, production and operation units shall take necessary monitoring safeguards. If safety can not be guaranteed before or in the elimination process of hazards, operators shall be evacuated from the dangerous area, other persons who may be endangered shall also be evacuated, warning signs shall be put up, and personnel shall be assigned to guard the area when necessary.

“第十八条：从业人员发现事故隐患应当采取技术、管理措施消除;对无法自行消除的事故隐患应当向主管人员、安全生产或职业卫生管理机构报告，以上人员或机构应当及时解决;发现直接危及人身安全的紧急情况，有权停止作业或者采取可能的应急措施后撤离危险区域。”

Article 18 Upon discovering hazards of accident, operators shall take technical or management measures to eliminate them; for those that can not be eliminated, they shall be reported to the personnel in charge, management authorities of work safety or occupational hygiene, the said personnel and authority shall settle immediately; if any emergency situation is discovered, directly endangering personal safety, they shall have the right to stop the operation, or to evacuate the workplace upon taking possible emergency measures.

第二十二条　提出了对重大隐患的处理办法，除了必要的停机停产外，还专门提出了“（二）组织开展现状风险评估”，及风险评估后的整改及验收等规定。

Article 22 proposes the methods for dealing with serious hazards. Besides the necessary method to suspense the business production and operation, the rules of "organizing and carrying out the assessment of current risks" and of rectification, completion check and acceptance after risks assessment are formally proposed.

编者：企业必须重新考虑和判断隐患的排查、发现、上报、处理及处置的流程，对照本办法的规定，确认现场作业人员、班组是否能够判断并处置好相关问题。这将是对企业的一个重大的考验。

Editor's Note:

Enterprises shall reconsider and rejudge the process of hazards' identification, discovering, reporting, controlling and handling, referring to rules of this Measures and confirming whether operators and groups at site can correctly judge the problem and handle it, which will become a big challenge for enterprises.

三、与专业技术服务机构的关系：本办法鼓励了专业的技术服务，但同时也明确指出：无论怎样隐患排查与解决的责任主体都在企业。

Thirdly, it is the relationship with professional technical service providers. This Measures encourages professional technical services; however, enterprises are always the subjects of responsibility for the identification for and the elimination of hazards of accident.

“第二十一条　技术管理服务机构接受生产经营单位委托提供安全生产或职业卫生技术、管理服务中，发现委托方存在重大事故隐患的，应当立即告知委托方，委托方应当及时依法处理。委托方不及时处理的，技术管理服务机构应当向负有安全生产监督管理职责的主管部门报告。

Article 21 Technical and management service providers, when providing the technical and management services of work safety and occupational hygiene under enterprises' entrustment, shall inform the entrusted party upon discovering serious hazards of accident, and the entrusted party shall deal with them according to law. If the entrusted party do not handle it at a timely manner, the technical and management service providers are responsible to report it to the competent departments with the duty of work safety supervision.

第二十四条　生产经营单位可以委托依法设立的技术管理服务机构对重大事故隐患治理情况进行效果评价，并根据效果评价报告制定复查验收报告。

Article 24 Production and operation units can entrust the technical and management service providers to assess the effects of controlling serious hazards of accident and to make the report of reexamination and acceptance based on the assessment.

第38条　生产经营单位委托技术管理服务机构提供事故隐患排查治理服务的，事故隐患排查治理的责任仍由本单位负责。

Article 38 When production and operation units entrust the technical and management service providers to offer the service of the identification for and elimination of hazards of accident, the units shall be responsible for the identification for and elimination of hazards of accident.

第三十九条　技术管理服务机构对其出具的报告或意见负责，并承担相应的法律责任。”

Article 39 The technical and management service providers are responsible for the reposted or suggestion issued, and bear the corresponding legal responsibility.

编者注：引入第三方机构是许多缺乏专业力量的企业可以考虑的方法之一。但同时，我们必须意识到专业机构的专业性、发现及解决隐患的能力至关重要。但，排查事故隐患终究是企业的责任。

Editor's Note:

Introducing the third party is one of the ways for enterprises lack of professional strength. Meanwhile, we must realize that the specialty of professional service providers and their ability to discover and solve hazards are very important.

另一方面，专业机构如何认定重大隐患？及当企业与专业机构意见不统一时，如何处置，如何和安全监管部门对接等，仍存在较大的不确定性。我们留意到的是：在许多历史性因素无法清晰的大环境下，不少专业机构也不愿意承担隐患排查的责任。

On the other hand, how do the professional service providers identify serious hazards? When enterprises are in disagreement with professional service providers, how to deal with it and how to contact with the administration department of work safety? There are still uncertainties. We can see that many professional service providers are not willing to take the responsibility of identification and identifying hazards under the circumstance that many historical factors are not clear.

因此，是否引入，如果不引入专业机构又会怎样？请企业需慎重考虑.

Therefore, introduce or not? What will it be if not introducing professional service providers? Enterprises shall think about it carefully.

四、隐患的上报：企业自查及专业机构检查中所查出隐患要解决、要立即上报、月度报、年度报！不是简单的工作，而五类高危企业则至少每半年要报一次：

Fourthly, hazards discovered during enterprises' self-check and professional service providers' check shall be solved and promptly reported, monthly reported and annually reported. It is not an easy job. While five types of enterprises with high risks shall report at least once half a year. 

在第22条要求生产经营单位3个工作日内上报所发现的重大隐患及将在采取的后续措施；在第二十七条则规定企业每个月将隐患排查及治理的统计分析结果报送中所在县级安监部门，且“月度隐患排查治理工作情况应当可供公开查阅，并在生产经营单位公开场所的醒目位置公示不少于30日”。

Article 22 requires production and operation units report hazards discovered and the following measures within three days upon discovery; Article 27 requires that enterprises shall report the statistic and analysis result of identification and handling hazards to the administration department of work safety at county level, and "the monthly report of identification and handling hazards shall be open to the public for reference and shall be disclosed strikingly at the public place of production and operation units.

同时还规定五种单位至少每半年报送一次，这五种单位是：“(一)矿山、金属冶炼、建筑施工单位，道路运输单位，危险物品生产、经营、储存、运输和废弃处置单位；(二)从业人员超过100人的危险物品使用、船舶修造、机械制造、建材、电力单位和农业机械作业合作组织;(三)职业病危害严重的用人单位和从业人员超过100